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1.
Med. infant ; 26(2): 123-129, Junio 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015231

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las taquiarritmias en pediatría son uno de las principales motivos cardiológicos de consulta a la guardia. Durante el primer año de vida presentan una significativa morbi-mortalidad, por lo que el tratamiento farmacológico inmediato es fundamental para reducir la misma. Hasta los 3 años existe la posibilidad de curación espontánea en un porcentaje de éstos pacientes. La indicación de procedimientos de ablación durante los primero 4 años de vida se limita a casos refractarios al tratamiento antiarrítmico, dado que cuanto menor peso presenta el paciente, más pequeño es el corazón y más riesgoso es el mismo. Las taquicardias en pacientes con cardiopatía empeora el pronóstico de la misma. A pesar que el tratamiento farmacológico ha permitido el control de la gran mayoría de ellas, en muchos casos se requieren más de una droga antiarrítmica, con mayor exposición a efectos adversos, y en muchos otros se vuelven refractarias. En las últimas 3 décadas se ha desarrollado en forma exponencial el tratamiento de las taquiarritmias por medio de la ablación por radiofrecuencia o por frío (crioablación). Estos procedimientos han permitido obtener la curación de la mayor parte de las taquiarritmias en pediatría. En nuestro trabajo se evaluaron las indicaciones de dichos procedimientos en una población pediátrica, como así también la tasa de éxito, recurrencia, y la morbimortalidad tanto globalmente, como en cada arritmia (AU)


In children, tachyarrhythmias are one of the main reasons for cardiological consultation at the Department of Emergency. In the first year of life, they are associated with significant morbiditymortality and therefore, immediate drug treatment is essential up to 3 years of age. The indication of ablation procedures during the first 4 years of life is limited to patients refractory to antiarrhythmic treatment, since the lower weight of the patient, the smaller the heart and the riskier the intervention. In patients with heart disease, tachycardia worsens the prognosis. Although pharmacological treatment controls the vast majority of tachyarrhythmias, more than one antiarrhythmic drug is often required, leading to greater exposure to adverse effects, and many become refractory. Over the past three decades, treatment of tachyarrhythmias has developed exponentially with the advent of radiofrequency or cold ablation (cryoablation). These procedures have led to the cure of most tachyarrhythmias in children. Our study assessed the indications for these procedures in a pediatric population, as well as the success and recurrence rates, and morbidity both overall and of each arrhythmia episode (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/epidemiology , Tachycardia/epidemiology , Records , Cryosurgery , Radiofrequency Ablation/methods , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/surgery , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Tachycardia/surgery , Tachycardia/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 83(4): 244-248, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703024

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation of scar related right atrial flutter is challenging. Long procedures, prolonged fluoroscopic times and high percentages of recurrences are of concern. We present a simple and progressive approach based on a single electroanatomic map of the right atrium. Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients with atrial flutter and history of cardiac surgery were included. An electrophysiologic study was performed to define localization (left or right) and cavo-tricuspid isthmus participation using entrainment mapping. After a critical isthmus was localized, ablation was performed with an external irrigated tip catheter with a power limit of 30 W. Potential ablation sites were confirmed by entrainment. Results: The predominant cardiopathy was atrial septal defect. All arrhythmias were localized in the right atrium; mean cycle length of the clinical flutter was 274 ± 31 ms. Only 40% had cavo-tricuspid isthmus participation. None of the patients with successful ablation had recurrences after 13 ± 9.4 months of follow-up. Conclusions: A progressive approach with only one activation/voltage CARTO® map of the atrium and ablation of all potential circuits is a highly effective method for ablating scar related macroreentrant atrial arrhythmias.


Introducción: La ablación con radiofrecuencia de flutter auricular relacionado con cicatrices posquirúrgicas es compleja. Procedimientos prolongados, con tiempos de fluoroscopia altos y una tasa de recurrencia elevada son problemas habituales. Mostramos un abordaje simple y progresivo basado en un solo mapa de cartografía electroanatómica de la aurícula derecha. Métodos: Se incluyeron 22 pacientes consecutivos con flutter auricular e historia de cirugía cardiaca. Se realizó estudio electrofisiológico para definir la localización del circuito de flutter (derecho o izquierdo) y la participación o no del istmo cavotricuspideo mediante encarrilamiento. Una vez localizado la zona de conducción lenta o critica del circuito, se realizó ablación con radiofrecuencia con catéter de irrigación externa a 30W. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo ablación de todos los circuitos potenciales. Resultados: La cardiopatía más dominante fue la comunicación interauricular. Todas las arritmias se localizaron en la aurícula derecha. El ciclo de flutter fue de 274 ± 31 ms. En solo 40% de los casos se demostró participación del istmo cavotricuspideo. No se observaron recurrencias de la arritmia durante un seguimiento de 13 ± 9.4 meses. Conclusiones: Este abordaje escalonado con un solo mapa CARTO® de activación/voltaje de la aurícula y la ablación de todos los circuitos potenciales es altamente efectivo para el tratamiento de arritmias por macrorreentrada relacionadas con cicatriz posquirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Catheter Ablation/methods , Cicatrix/complications , Cicatrix/surgery , Tachycardia/etiology , Tachycardia/surgery , Heart Atria
3.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 28(2): 185-192, ago. 2009. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533388

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Describir la distribución de las arritmias referidas a un centro privado de electrofisiología de la segunda región, conocer la efectividad inmediata de la terapia ablativa, su rendimiento según las diferentes etiologías y las complicaciones más frecuentemente observadas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los estudios electrofisiológicos (EEF) realizados en Antofagasta entre 1996 y 2007. Se incluyeron 616 pacientes, 321 hombres y 295 mujeres, cuyas edades fluctuaron entre 11 y 91. El promedio fue 49 años. A cada paciente se le consignó, la indicación de EEF, si fue o no ablativo, y la conclusión. Resultados: Las indicaciones de EEF fueron en 45 por ciento de los casos Taquicardias Paroxísticas Supraventriculares (TPSV), seguidos por un 14,3 por ciento de Flutter Auricular (FF), un 14,3 por ciento de Síncope y/o trastornos de la conducción, un 11,5 por ciento por Taquicardia Ventricular (TV), 2,9 por ciento por Enfermedad del Nodo, un 1,8 por ciento por Síndrome de Brugaday 10,2 por ciento otras indicaciones. De 616 pacientes, 408 de ellos se realizó terapia de Ablación por radiofrecuencia (ARF), el 88,9 por ciento fue efectivo, 4,2 por ciento parcialmente efectivo (PE) y 6,9 por ciento no efectivos (NE). La efectividad (E) de ARF según etiología fue 93,3 por ciento la Vía Lenta Anterógrada (VLA), 93,3 por ciento Flutter Istmo dependiente, 92,2 por ciento Vías accesorias (VA) y 80,7 por ciento otras etiologías. Del 6,9 por ciento NE el 2,7 por ciento fue FF, 0,99 por ciento vía accesoria lateral izquierda (VALI), 0,74 por ciento taquicardias auriculares, 0,74 por ciento TV, y 1,73 por ciento misceláneas. Las complicaciones fueron perforaciones de cavidades derechas (0,3 por ciento), adenitis inguinal (0,15 por ciento). No existió bloqueo atrioventricular ni mortalidad. Conclusión: La principal indicación fue TPSV. El procedimiento resultó altamente eficaz, siendo la VLA lacon mayor efectividad. La menor E fue F...


Background: electrophysiologic studies and ablation therapy is becoming more frequent in Chile. Aim: to describe the distribution of arrhythmias referred to a private electrophysiology center in Antofagasta, to assess immediate efficacy of ablation therapy and incidence of complications. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the electrophysiology studies performed in Antofagasta between 1996 and 2007, including 616 patients, 321 men and 295 women, with age range between 11 and 91 years old, (average 49). In every patient, the indication for electrophysiological study, whether or not ablation was performed, and the results were recorded. Results: Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia was the indication for 45 percent of electrophysiological studies.14.3 percent were cases of Atrial Flutter, 14.3 percent of Syncope and/or Conduction disorders, 11.5 percent of Ventricular Tachycardia, 2.9 percent of Sinus Node Disease, 1.8 percent of Brugada´s Syndrome and 10.2 percent corresponded to other indications. Of 616 patients, 408 were submitted to radiofrequency ablation therapy. This was effective in 88.9 percent, partially effective in 4.2 percent and failed in 6.9 percent, The effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation according to etiology was 96.5 percent for Antegrade Slow Pathway cases, 93.3 percent in Isthmus-dependent Flutter, 93.2 percent for Accessory Pathway ablation and 80.7 percent in other etiologies. The 6.9 percent failed cases corresponded to Flutter (2.6 percent), Left Lateral Accessory Pathway (0,99 percent), Auricular Tachycardia (0.74 percent), Ventricular Tachycardia (0.74 percent), and miscellaneous (1.73 percent). The complications were perforation of right cavities (0,3 percent) and inguinal adenitis (0,15 percent). There was no mortality or atrioventricular block. Conclusion: The main indication for radiofrequency ablation in Antofagasta was Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia. The procedure turned out to be...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/surgery , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Catheter Ablation , Chile , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiology , Retrospective Studies , Tachycardia/surgery , Tachycardia/physiopathology
4.
Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The]. 2008; 3 (2): 83-87
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-88170

ABSTRACT

Complete atrioventricular block [AV block] is a serious complication of slow pathway ablation therapy in the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia [AVNRT]. The present study was aimed at determining whether the electroanatomical pace mapping of Koch's triangle could significantly improve the safety, efficiency, and efficacy of selective slow pathway ablation in the treatment of AVNRT. A total number of 124 patients were selected to be studied consecutively for radiofrequency [RF] ablation therapy in the treatment of AVNRT. The subjects were divided into two groups: one, designated Group 1, to serve as the control group, and the other, designated Group 2, to serve as the study group. Conventional fluoroscopic slow pathway ablation was performed on the Group 1 subjects [n=66], with the Group 2 subjects receiving slow pathway ablation therapy guided by pace mapping of Koch's triangle. The slow pathway ablation in Group 2 [n=58] was performed with regard to the pace mapping data obtained on the basis of the St-H interval in the anteroseptal [AS], midseptal [MS], and posteroseptal [PS] regions of Koch's triangle. The anterograde fast pathway [AFP] location was determined based on the shortest St-H interval obtained by stimulating the anteroseptal [AS], midseptal [MS], and posteroseptal [PS] aspects of Koch's triangle. In the Group 2 subjects, AFP location was AS in 50 [86.2%] of the cases, MS in 7 [12%] of the cases, and PS in 1 case [1.7%]. One patient with posteroseptal AFP was administered retrograde fast pathway ablation therapy. One patient in the control group [Group 1], representing 1.5% of the group, developed persistent AV block in the course of the treatment, but none of the subjects in the study group [Group 2] developed any complications. It was concluded that an atypical fast pathway location is conducive to the development of atrioventricular block in the ablation therapy in AVNRT, with pace mapping of Koch's triangle having the capacity to eliminate the risk of any such complication developing. It follows that it helps to identify the AFP location before ablation therapy is administered in AVNRT, thereby improving the safety of the treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Catheter Ablation , Tachycardia/surgery , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Heart Septum/anatomy & histology
5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 89(3): 140-150, set. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-462004

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: Através de mapeamento espectral-(ME) endocárdico em ritmo sinusal, observam-se dois tipos de miocárdio atrial: o compacto de espectro liso e o fibrilar de espectro segmentado ("Ninho de FA" [NFA]). Durante a FA o compacto tem ativação organizada e baixa freqüência (passivo) enquanto o fibrilar apresenta ativação bastante desorganizada e alta freqüência (ativo/ressonante) sendo ambos ativados por uma taquicardia protegida de alta freqüência, taquicardia de background (TB). OBJETIVO: Descrever o tratamento da FA pela ablação dos NFA e da TB. MÉTODOS: 1) Ablação por cateter-RF [4/8mm-60°/30-40J/30s] dos NFA guiada por ME em ritmo sinusal, fora das veias pulmonares; 2) Estimulação atrial-300ppm; 3) Ablação adicional de NFA se induzida FA; 4) Ablação focal se induzida TB e/ou Flutter; 5) Seguimento clínico+ECG+Holter. RESULTADOS: Foram tratados 50±18 NFA/paciente. Após 11,3±8m 81p (88 por cento) estavam sem FA (28,3 por cento com antiarrítmico). Após a ablação dos NFA: a FA não foi reinduzida em 61p(71 por cento); TB foi induzida e tratada em 24p(26 por cento). Ocorreram 2 sangramentos pericárdicos (1 tratado clinicamente e 1 cirurgicamente) ocasionados por bainhas não mais utilizadas. CONCLUSÃO: O ME em ritmo sinusal ablaciona os NFA. Durante a FA os NFA apresentam um padrão reativo-ressonante e o miocárdio compacto apresenta-se passivo, estimulados pela alta freqüência da TB. Após a ablação dos NFA e da TB não foi possível reinduzir FA sustentada. A ablação dos NFA fora das VP se mostrou segura e altamente eficiente para a cura e/ou o controle clínico da FA.


BACKGROUND: Two types of myocardia can be observed through the endocardial spectral mapping (SM) in sinus rhythm: the compact type with a smooth spectrum and the fibrillar type with a segmented spectrum (atrial fibrillation nests). During the atrial fibrillation (AF), the compact type has an organized activation and low frequency (passive), whereas the fibrillar type has a rather disorganized activation and high frequency (active/resonant), with both being activated by high-frequency sustained tachycardia - the background tachycardia (BT). OBJECTIVE: To describe the treatment of AF by the ablation of the AF nests and BT. METHODS: 1) Catheter ablation of the AF nests with RF [4/8mm-60°/30-40J/30s] guided by SM in sinus rhythm, outside the pulmonary vein; 2) atrial stimulation -300ppm; 3) Additional ablation of the AF nests if AF is induced; 4) Focal ablation if BT and/or Flutter is induced; 5)Clinical follow-up+ ECG+ Holter. RESULTS: A total of 50±18 AF nests/patient were treated. After 11.3±8m, 81 patients (88 percent) did not present AF (28.3 percent with antiarrhythmic drugs). After the ablation of the AF nests, AF was not reinduced in 61 patients (71 percent) and BT was induced and treated in 24 patients (26 percent). There were two episodes of pericardial bleeding (1 treated clinically and 1 surgically), caused by sheaths that are no longer used CONCLUSION: The SM in sinus rhythm can be used in the ablation of AF nests. During the AF, the AF nests present a reactive-resonant pattern and the compact myocardium is passive, stimulated by the high frequency of the BT. After the ablation of the AF nests and the BT, it was not possible to reinduce the sustained AF. The Ablation of AF nests outside the pulmonary veins showed to be safe and highly effective in the cure and/or clinical control of the AF.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Catheter Ablation/methods , Tachycardia/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Catheter Ablation/standards , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac , Follow-Up Studies , Pulmonary Veins/surgery , Tachycardia/physiopathology
6.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-40532

ABSTRACT

Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is the first-line therapy for various tachyarrhythmias. The authors reports experience of RFCA for various types of tachyarrhythmia in 80 consecutive patients, 85 tracts of ablation, from May 2001 to October 2002. The mean age was 40 years, range 6-81 years. Seventy four and 13 tracts of ablation were supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmia, respectively. The results are shown below. [table: see text] Conclusion: RFCA is an effective method to cure various types tachyarrhythmia. Long-term follow-up should be evaluated in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Catheter Ablation , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Retrospective Studies , Tachycardia/surgery , Thailand
7.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2003 Apr; 101(4): 230, 232-3, 235
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-95973

ABSTRACT

Radiofrequency ablation for tachyarrhythmias is a treatment modality, in the recent times, which has permanently cured the patients. The subject is discussed here in some details.


Subject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Humans , Tachycardia/surgery
8.
Indian Heart J ; 2003 Jan-Feb; 55(1): 75-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-5651

ABSTRACT

Catheter ablation for atrial tachycardia is limited by its low success rate and prolonged procedure time because of difficulties in mapping the site of the tachycardia. A new three-dimensional mapping system, the Cardiac Pathways mapping system, using an ultrasound transducer, has recently become available. We report a case of focal atrial tachycardia ablation with this system.


Subject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac/methods , Female , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Middle Aged , Tachycardia/surgery
9.
Heart Views. 2002; 3 (4): 172-6
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-59427

ABSTRACT

A 39-year-old man presented with regular narrow complex tachycardia for electyrophysiology [EP] study and transcatheter ablation. EP study revealed the existence of a left lateral concealed accessory pathway. A transseptal cryothermal ablation was undertaken, after puncture of the interatrial septum. The accessory pathway was mapped and successfully ablated using cryothermy and a novel 3D navigation system [LocaLisa, Medtronic], which provides a unique option of localizing electrophysiologically important reference structures as well as mapping and ablation sites. Using advanced imaging, technology efficacy of such ablations can significantly be improved


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Tachycardia/surgery , Heart Septum , Imaging, Three-Dimensional
10.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 135(6): 559-75, nov.-dic. 1999. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-276276

ABSTRACT

Reportamos los resultados de la ablación con Radiofrecuencia (RF) en 1000 pacientes con taquiarritmias tratadas en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez". La taquicardia era debida a la presencia de una vía accesoria en 700 pacientes (70 por ciento), con un total de 722 vías accesorias; sólo 21 pacientes tuvieron dos o tres vías accesorias. El mecanismo de la arritmia fue reentrada intranodal en 204 pacientes (20.4 por ciento). Se realizó ablación del circuito de reentrada en 56 pacientes (5.6 por ciento) con flutter auricular y en 17 casos (1.7 por ciento), se realizó ablación del nodo auriculoventricular (AV) por fibrilación o flutter auricular recurrente a pesar del tratamiento médico. En 3 pacientes (0.3 por ciento) se realizó ablación de una taquicardia auricular por foco ectópico y en 2 (0.2 por ciento) pacientes con taquicardia por reentrada intrauricular y finalmente en 22 (2.2 por ciento) enfermos se realizó ablación con radiofrecuencia de una taquicardia ventricular. La ablación con radiofrecuencia fue exitosa en 630/700 (90. por ciento) pacientes con vías accesorias, con un porcentaje de recurrencia en 73 casos (10.3 por ciento) y complicaciones en 9 (1,2 por ciento) de los pacientes. La reentrada intranodal fue tratada con éxito en 190/204 (93 por ciento) con ablación selectiva de la vía lenta en 168/180 (93.3 por ciento) y de la vía rápida en 22/24 (92 por ciento) pacientes. El porcentaje de complicaciones en este grupo fue de 7/204 pacientes (3.4 por ciento), con bloqueo auriculoventricular (AV) completo en 3 casos (1.4 por ciento) requiriendo la implantación de marcapaso en 2 casos. En el caso del flutter auricular, se obtuvo éxito en 41/56 pacientes (73 por ciento). Se realizó bloqueo AV completo por ablación de la unión auriculoventricular en 17/17 pacientes. Se realizó ablación exitosa en 2/3 (66 por ciento) pacientes con taquicardia auricular ectópica (TAE), y en dos pacientes de una taquicardia por reentrada intrauricular (TRSA). Finalmente obtuvimos éxito en 17/22 (77 por ciento) pacientes con taquicardia ventricular. El éxito total de la serie fue de ablación exitosa mediante radiofrecuencia en 899/1000 pacientes (89.9 por ciento), con 118 recurrencias (11.8 por ciento) y 15 complicaciones (1.5 por ciento), sin mortalidad. Los resultados demuestran que esta técnica terapéutica es muy eficaz para el tratamiento de las taquiarritmias


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Adult , Middle Aged , Catheter Ablation , Tachycardia/surgery
11.
Ed. lat. electrocardiología ; 5(2): 62-6, jul. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-275657

ABSTRACT

Previo al advenimiento de la ablación con radiofrecuencia de vías accesorias como tratamiento de elección en las taquicardias por movimiento circular, la cirugía se utilizó como alternativa terapéutica en pacientes con esta arritmia y alto riesgo de muerte súbita o con inadecuada respuesta al tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes muy sintomáticos. No está descripto en la literatura como puede el procedimiento quirúrgico no exitoso afectar a los electrogramas predictores de éxito obtenidos durante el mapeo endocárdico. El presente caso es el de una paciente a quien hace 8 años se le realizaron 2 intentos de ablación quirúrgica no exitosos de una vía accesoria lateral izquierda. Debido a que continuó presentando crisis de taquicardia a pesar del tratamiento médico antiarrítmico se decidió realizar ablación con radiofrecuencia. Durante el mapeo se encontraron electrogramas auriculares dobles y mediante análisis de los mismos se logró realizar ablación exitosa de la vía accesoria


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Catheter Ablation , Tachycardia/surgery , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Electrophysiology
13.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 8(4): 722-33, jul.-ago. 1998. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-281865

ABSTRACT

O conceito inicial de marcapasso cardíaco foi estabelecido no início do século 19, para o atendimento a situaçöes clínicas de emergências. Com o avanço tecnológico e o aprimoramento de novas técnicas cirúrgicas, cada vez mais eficazes e seguras, aplicou-se significativamente o emprego do marcapasso, que passou a ser reconhecido como ferramenta imprescindível para a terapêutica cardiológica emergencial, além de sua ampla aplicaçäo em situaçöes eletivas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pacemaker, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services , Bradycardia/pathology , Bradycardia/surgery , Electric Stimulation , Drug Prescriptions , Tachycardia/pathology , Tachycardia/surgery
14.
Indian Heart J ; 1997 Mar-Apr; 49(2): 173-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-4631

ABSTRACT

Sixteen patients suffering from various cardiac arrhythmias were treated surgically. Intraoperative computerised electrophysiologic mapping was used in 14. Thirteen patients were suffering from Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. They underwent surgical division or cryoablation of accessory pathways. Two patients who had rheumatic mitral stenosis with left atrial clot underwent "Maze III" procedure with open mitral commissurotomy and clot removal. One patient with paroxysmal refractory ventricular tachycardia and a left ventricular aneurysm had an aneurysmectomy with subendocardial resection of the arrhythmic focus. All antiarrhythmic medications were discontinued preoperatively. Morphine was the principal anaesthetic agent, supplemented with halothane. Muscle relaxation was provided with pancuronium bromide. The various problems encountered included hypotension and arrhythmia during placement of epicardial band array for mapping (4 patients), ventricular tachycardia during internal jugular vein cannulation (1 patient) and continuance of delta wave after cryoablation in 2 patients. Halothane may have interfered with electrophysiologic mapping and accurate localization of accessory pathway leading to persistence of delta wave. The choice of anaesthetic agents should be guided by the electrophysiologic effects and potential influence of these agents on the accessory pathways.


Subject(s)
Adult , Anesthesia , Anesthetics, Inhalation , Blood Transfusion, Autologous , Cryosurgery , Electrophysiology , Female , Halothane , Heart Conduction System/abnormalities , Humans , Male , Muscle Relaxation , Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents , Pancuronium , Tachycardia/surgery , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/surgery
15.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 6(2): 7-15, 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173090

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados de los primeros pacientes tratados con radiofrecuencia en el Centro Nacional de Arritmias. Los resultados obtenidos son comparables a los reportes de las más grandes series norteamericanas y europeas. Por ser un centro de referencia, la mayor parte de estos pacientes son de alta complejidad y se incluyen incluso 4 enfermos tratados sin éxito en otro centro y que fueron exitosamente tratados en nuestro hospital. De esta forma, la ablación con radiofrecuencia se presenta como una excelente terapia curativa para la TPSV y TVI refractarias. Su rol en el flutter y taquicardia auricular debe definirse mejor con una mayor casuística, y su utilidad parece ser limitada en la TV secundaria a daño estructural cardíaco. Igualmente, en enfermos con taquiarritmias supraventriculares con alta frecuencia ventricular refractarios a drogas la inducción de BAV completo con RF y modulación de la frecuencia ventricular con un MP es una muy buena alternativa terapéutica


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Catheter Ablation/methods , Reference Standards , Tachycardia/surgery , Atrial Flutter/surgery , Electrocardiography , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Block , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/surgery , Tachycardia, Ventricular/surgery , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/surgery , Treatment Outcome
19.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 53(3): 147-150, set. 1989.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-87317

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados dentre 37 doentes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de taquicardia ventricular, 17 residentes na regiäo metropolitana de Säo Paulo. Procurou-se caracterizar a extensäo dos benefícios obtidos nas cirurgias a nível individual% familiar e social. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (70%); 70% eram casados, 65% tinham idade superior a 50 anos; 76% previdenciários, 70% com escolaridade primária e, portanto, de baixa renda familiar (1,6 salários mínimos per capita). A nível individual, 65% foram portadores de insuficiência coronária crônica, sendo que a ampla maioria - 16 pacientes - declararam sentir-se bem e seguros com o tratamento. Apesar disso, 65% foram aposentados por invalidez, passando a trabalhar no setor informal, retornando os restantes à antiga atividade. Assim, 60% continuam contribuindo diretamente para o orçamento familiar. A maioria dos enfermos, portanto, encontrava-se com relacionamento familiar e social satisfatório


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Tachycardia/surgery , Patient Satisfaction , Socioeconomic Factors , Aged, 80 and over , Income , Prognosis
20.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 50(4): 253-258, abr. 1988. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-57619

ABSTRACT

A técnica de ablaçäo por cateter ou fulguraçäo consiste na destruiçäo do foco ou circuito de uma taquicardia com choques elétricos aplicados através de cateteres eletrodos em locais determinados pelo mapeamento endocárdico. Ela foi aplicada para ablaçäo da junçäo atrioventricular (AV) em 9 casos. Para ablaçäo de vias anômalas em 7 casos e para ablaçäo da origem de taquicardia ventricular em 5 casos. A fulguraçäo da junçäo AV resultou em bloqueio AV total (BAVY) definitivo em 7 pacientes sendo necessário o uso de marcapasso (MP) definitivo. Um paciente com taquicardia nodal teve suas crises controladas com preservaçäo da conduçäo AV, näo necessitando do MP. Um paciente com taquicardia atrioventricular teve lesäo parcial do feixe de His eficaz para impedir taquicardia somente nos 3 primeiros meses a qual houve recorrência. Näo houve complicaçöes e o óbito tardio ocorrido em 1 paciente näo foi relacionado. A fulguraçäo de vias anômalas teve sucesso duradouro somente em 2 de 7 pacientes. Näo se registraram óbitos porém houve 3 casos de tamponamento que requereram drenagem em 2 pacientes e sutura do seio coronário com circulaçäo extracorpórea em 1 paciente. A fulguraçäo do foco de origem de taquicardia ventricular resultou em sucesso somente em 1 dentre 5 pacientes. A única complicaçäo registrada foi hipotensäo arterial em 1 caso requerendo volume e drogas para seu controle. Em toda a série foram aplicados entre 1 e 3 choques por sessäo e realizadas entre 1 e 5 sessöes de fulguraçäo. A energia empregada variou entre 100 e 400 joules. Aproximadamente 50% dos cateteres foram inutilizados após a fulguraçäo. Em conclusäo a fulguraçäo é procedimento promissor para o controle de certas taquicardias refratárias sendo maior o grau de sucesso e menor o número de complicaçöes quando aplicada para ablaçäo de junçäo AV. A ablaçäo de vias anômalas e do foco de taquicardia ventricular apresentam maiores complicaçöes e menor eficácia pelo que devem ser consideradas ainda experimentais


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tachycardia/surgery , Electrocoagulation/methods , Atrioventricular Node/surgery , Tachycardia/physiopathology , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/physiopathology
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